PUBLICATIONS

1. Empie, H.L., "Recovery of Heat and Chemical Values from Spent Pulping Liquors," U.S. Patent 4,441,959 (April 1984), U.S. Patent 4,526,760 (July 1985).

2. Adams, T.N., Empie, H.J., Obuskovic, N., and Spielbauer, T.M., “Kraft Black Liquor Systems,” Report No.1, U.S.DOE Report (DE91000891), February 1990.

3. Empie, H.J., "Alternative Kraft Recovery Processes," Tappi J.,74 (5), 272 (1991).

4. Nichols, K.M., Thompson, L.M., and Empie, H.J., "A Review of NOx Formation Mechanisms in Recovery Furnaces," IPST Tech. Pap. Ser. No.403, 20p. (Oct. 1991).

5. Empie, H.J., Lien, S.J., Yang, W., and Adams, T.N., "Spraying Characteristics of Commercial Black Liquor Nozzles," IPST Tech. Pap. Ser. No.441, 30p. (May 1992).

6. Empie, H.J., Lien, S.J., Yang, W., and Adams, T.N., "Spraying Characteristics of Commercial Black Liquor Nozzles," Int'l. Chem. Recov. Conf., Seattle, WA (June'92).

7. Nichols, K.M., Thompson, L.M., and Empie, H.J., "A Review of NOx Formation Mechanisms in Recovery Furnaces," Tappi J.,76(1), 119, (1993).

8. Thompson, L.M. and Empie, H.J., "A Proposed Mechanism for the Depletion of NOx in a Kraft Recovery Furnace," Proc. 1993 TAPPI Env. Conf., Boston, MA (March 1993), pp.643-647.

9. Empie, H.J., Lien, S.J., and Yang, W., "Effect of Temperature on Black Liquor Droplet Formation from Commercial Black Liquor Nozzles," AIChE Forest Products Symp. Proc.(1992), p.57 (1993).

10. Empie, H.J., Lien, S.J., Yang, W., and Samuels, D.B., "Improved Control of Drop Size from Commercial Black Liquor Nozzles," ILASS Americas '93 Proceedings, Worcester, MA (May'93).

11. Empie, H.J., "Improved Energy Efficiency and Safety in Smelt Dissolving through Smelt Solidification," Tappi Engineering Conference Proceedings, Orlando, FL (Sept.'93).

12. Thompson, L.M. and Empie, H.J., "Kinetics of NO Depletion by Reaction with Molten Sodium Species," IPST Tech. Pap. Ser. No.501, 8p. (Oct.1993).

13. Thompson, L.M. and Empie, H.J., "Kinetics of NO Depletion by Reaction with Molten Sodium Carbonate," IPST Tech. Pap. Ser. No.535, 9p. (Sept.1994).

14. Empie, H. Jeff, "Black Liquor Atomization in Recovery Boilers," Paperlink 9 (4), (1994).

15. Thompson, L.M. and Empie, H.J., "Kinetics of NO Depletion by Reaction with Molten Sodium Carbonate," AIChE Symp. Ser.90 (No.302), 33 (1994).

16. Empie, H.J., Lien, S., and Samuels, D.B., "Distribution of Mass Flows in Black Liquor Sprays," IPST Tech. Pap. Ser. No.546, 6p. (Dec.1994).

17. Empie, H.J., Lien, S.J., Yang, W.R., and Adams, T.N., "Spraying Characteristics of Commercial Black Liquor Nozzles," TAPPI 78(1), p.121-128 (1995).

18. Empie, H.J., Lien, S.J., Yang, W., and Samuels, D.B., "Effect of Black Liquor Type on Droplet Formation from Commercial Spray Nozzles," JPPS 21(2), J63-J67 (1995).

19. Empie, H.J. and Lien, S.J., "Kraft Black Liquor Delivery Systems," Final Report (Project 3657-02) to U.S. DOE, Feb. 1995.
    Issued as DOE Report (DE95015552), Feb 1995.

20. Thompson, L.M., Martin, D.M., Empie, H.J., Malcolm, E.W., and Wood, M., "The Fate of Nitrogen in a Kraft Recovery Furnace," IPST Tech. Pap. Ser. No.557, 5p. (March 1995).

21. ibid., Intl. Chem. Rec. Conf. (Toronto), p. B225 (April 1995).

22. Empie, H.J., Lien, S.J., and Yang, W., "Drop Size Modification in Black Liquor Sprays from Commercial Nozzles Using Vibratory Assist," IPST Tech. Pap. Ser. No.588, 10p. (July 1995).

23. Empie, H.J., "Improved Energy Efficiency, Safety and Emissions in Smelt Dissolving through Smelt Solidification," IPST Tech. Pap. Ser. No.593, 9p. (August 1995).

24. Empie, H.J., "Improved Energy Efficiency, Safety and Emissions in Smelt Dissolving through Smelt Solidification," Tappi J. 79(12), p.103-107 (1996).

25. contribution to: "The Pulp Mill of the Future: 2005 and Beyond," D.G. Meadows, TAPPI J. 78 (10), 55-60 (1995).

26. Empie, H. Jeff, U.S. Patent 5,545,292, "Kraft Smelt Solidification in a Fluidized Bed Reactor," August 13, 1996.

27. Loebker, D. and H.J. Empie, "High Mass Flowrate Effervescent Spraying of a High Viscosity Newtonian Liquid," IPST Tech. Pap. Ser. No.637, 5p. (February, 1997).

28. ibid., ILASS Americas '97 Proceedings (Ottawa, Canada, May, 1997)

29. Empie, H. Jeff, Steven J. Lien, and Wenrui Yang, “Drop Size Modification in Black Liquor Sprays from Commercial Nozzles Using Pulsed Flow,” Atomization and Sprays 7 (5), 457-466 (1997).

30. Empie, H.Jeff, S.Lien, and D.B.Samuels, “Distribution of Mass Flows in Black Liquor Sprays,” AIChE Symp. Ser. No. 315, Vol 93, 58-66 (1997).

31. Campbell, B.K. and H.J. Empie, “Investigation of Green Liquor Clarifier Design Features,” IPST Tech. Pap. Ser. No.702, 12p. (January, 1998).

32. Thompson, L.M. and Empie, H.J., “The Rate of Depletion of NO by Reaction with Molten Sodium Salts,” JPPS 24 (3), 82-88 (1998).

33. Loebker, D. and Empie, H.J., “Effervescent Spraying: A New Approach to Spraying High Solids Black Liquor,” IPST Tech.Pap.Ser.No.724, 11p. (April, 1998).

34. Campbell, B.K. and H.J. Empie, “Investigation of Green Liquor Clarifier Design Features,”Intl. Chem. Rec. Conf. Proc.(Tampa), 927-938 (June, 1998).

35. Loebker, D. and Empie, H.J., “Effervescent Spraying: A New Approach to Spraying High Solids Black Liquor,” TAPPI Eng.Conf. Proc.(Miami), 157-168 (1998).

36. Loebker, D. and Empie, H.J., “Effervescent Spraying of a Medium to High Viscosity Newtonian Fluid at High Mass Flowrates,” IPST Tech.pap.Ser.No.762, 12p. (Nov., 1998).

37. Loebker, D.W. and Empie, H.J., “Independently Controlled Drop Size in Black Liquor Sprays to the Kraft Recovery Boiler Using Effervescent Atomization,” IPST Tech.Pap.Ser.No.823,15p. (Nov.1999).

38. Fenske, B.J., Empie, H.J., and G. Heedick, “Reduction of Odorous Emissions from Kraft Pulp Mills Using Green Liquor Dregs,” Proc. 2000 TAPPI/PAPTAC Intl. Env. Conf.(Denver,CO), p.131 (May 2000).

39. ibid., IPST Tech.Pap.Ser.No.880, 15p. (Aug., 2000).

40. Loebker,D.W. and Empie,H.J., “Independently Controlled Drop Size in Black Liquor Sprays to the Kraft Recovery Boiler Using Effervescent Atomization,” JPPS 27(1),18-25 (2001).

41. Eames, D.E. and Empie, H.J., “Direct Causticizing of Sodium Carbonate with Manganese Oxide,” IPST Tech.Pap.Ser.No.889, 24p.(Jan.2001).

42. ibid., Intl.Chem.Rec.Conf.Proc.(Whistler, B.C.), P1-P14 (June,2001).

43. Huff,J. and Empie,H.J., “Particle Formation of Kraft Smelt in a Fluidized Bed,” IPST Tech.Pap.Ser.No.895, 17p.(April 2001). (Submitted to CJChE)

44. Loebker, D.W. and Empie, H.J., “Independently Controlled Drop Size in Black Liquor Sprays Using Effervescent Atomization. Part II: Splashplate Nozzles,” JPPS 28(8), (2002).

45. Eames, D.J. and Empie, H.J., “Direct Causticizing of Sodium Carbonate with Manganese Oxide,” NPPRJ 17(4), 369 (2002).