PUBLICATIONS

Books and Book Chapters

1. "Emissions of Trace Elements from Recovery Boilers," in 40 Years Recovery Boiler Co-operation in Finland , K. Iisa. The Finnish Recovery Boiler Committee, Helsinki (2004), pp. 115-124.



2. "Role and Fate of Alkali Metals in Black Liquor Combustion," in 40 Years Recovery Boiler Co-operation in Finland, Frederick, W.J. Jr., Iisa, K.; Sinquefield , S.A. ; Sricharoenchaikul, V. The Finnish Recovery Boiler Committee, Helsinki (2004), pp. 43-49.



3. "Kraft Recovery Boilers," T. N. Adams, Wm. J. Frederick, T. M. Grace, M. Hupa, K. Iisa, A. Jones, H. Tran, Tappi Press, 1997.



4. "Formation and Destruction of Sulfur Oxides" (in Finnish), in " Poltto ja palaminen (Burning and Combustion) ," edited by R. Raiko, I. Kurki-Suonio, J. Saastamoinen, and M. Hupa, International Flame Research Foundation - Suomen Kansallinen Osasto, 1995.

Refereed Publications

5. Tran, Khanh-Quang; Iisa, Kristiina; Steenari, Britt-Marie; Lindqvist, Oliver. A Kinetic Study of Gaseous Alkali Capture by Kaolin in the Fixed Bed Reactor Equipped with an Alkali Detector. Fuel (2005), 84(2-3), 169-175.



6. Tran, Quang K.; Steenari, Britt-Marie; Iisa, Kristiina; Lindqvist, Oliver. Capture of Potassium and Cadmium by Kaolin in Oxidizing and Reducing Atmospheres. Energy & Fuels , (2004), 18(6), 1870-1876



7. Tran, Khanh-Quang; Iisa, Kristiina; Hagstrom, Magnus; Steenari, Britt-Marie; Lindqvist, Oliver; Pettersson, Jan B. C. On the application of surface ionization detector for the study of alkali capture by kaolin in a fixed bed reactor. Fuel (2004), 83(7-8), 807-812.



8. Iisa, K., Jing, Q., Conn , J., Rompho, N., Tangpanyapinit, V., Pianpucktr, R., "Model for NO Formation in Recovery Boilers", Journal of Pulp and Paper Science 26 (2000), 17-24.



9. Larson, E. D., McDonald, G. W., Yang, W., Frederick, Wm. J., Iisa, K., Kreutz, T. G., Malcolm, E. W., Brown, C. A. A cost-benefit assessment of BLGCC technology, TAPPI Journal., 83 (2000), No. 6, 57.



10. Iisa, K., Lu, Y., Salmenoja, K., "Sulfation of Potassium Chloride at Combustion Conditions," Energy & Fuels 13 (1999), 1184-1190.



11. Frederick, Wm. J.; Iisa, K.; Phimolmas, V. "The Effect of Temperature and Residence Time on the Distribution of Carbon, Sulfur and Nitrogen Between Gaseous and Condensed Phase Products from Low Temperature Pyrolysis of Kraft Black Liquor", AIChE Symposium Series "Fundamental Advances and Innovations in the Pulp and Paper Industry" No. 322, Vol 95, 1999, 119-127.



12. Wu, S. L., Iisa, K., "Kinetics of NO Reduction by Black Liquor Char," Energy & Fuels , 12 (1998), 457-463.



13. Boonsongsup, L., Iisa, K., Frederick Jr, W. J., "Kinetics of the Sulfation of NaCl at Combustion Conditions," Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research , 36 (1997), 4212-4216.



14. Frederick, W. J., Iisa, K., Lundy, J. R., O'Connor, W. K., Reis, K., Scott, A. T., Sinquefield, S. A., Sricharoenchaikul, V, and van Vooren, C. A., "Energy and Materials Recovery from Recycled Paper Sludge," Tappi Journal , 79 (1996), No. 6, 123-131.



15. Yrjas, P., Hupa, M., Iisa, K., "Pressurized Stabilization of Desulfurization Residues from Gasification Processes", Energy & Fuels , 10 (1996), 1189-1195.



16. Yrjas, P., Iisa, K., Hupa, "Limestone and Dolomite as Sulfur Absorbents under Pressurized Gasification Conditions," Fuel , 75 (1996), 89-95.



17. Reis, V. V., Frederick, W. J., Wåg, K. J., Iisa, K., Sinquefield, S. A., "Effects of Temperature and Oxygen Concentration on Potassium and Chloride Enrichment During Black-liquor Combustion," Tappi Journal , 78 (1995), No12, 67-76.



18. Yrjas, P., Iisa, K., Hupa, M., "Comparison of SO 2 Capture Capacities of Limestones and Dolomites under Pressure," Fuel , 74 (1995), 395-400.



19. Boonsongsup, L., Iisa, K., W.J. Frederick, Hiner, L.A. , "SO 2 Capture and HCl Release at Kraft Recovery Boiler Conditions," AIChE Symposium Series No. 302, Advances in Forest Products Environmental and Process Engineering: The 1993 Forest Products Symposium, Vol. 90, No 302, 1994, 39-45



20. Iisa, K. and Hupa, M., "Rate Limiting Processes for the Desulphurisation Reaction at Elevated Pressures", Journal of The Institute of Energy , 65 (1992), 201-205.



21. Iisa, K., Hupa, M, and Yrjas, P., "Product Layer Diffusion in the Sulphation of Calcium Carbonate", Twenty-Fourth Symposium (International) on Combustion , The Combustion Institute 1992, 1349-1356.



22. Iisa, K. and Hupa, M, " Sulphur Absorption by Limestone at Pressurized Fluidized Bed Conditions", Twenty-Third Symposium (International) on Combustion , The Combustion Institute 1990, 943-948.

Symposium Proceedings and Non-Refereed Journals

23. Iisa, Kristiina. A comparison of the sulfation rates of different fume species in recovery boilers. International Chemical Recovery Conference; 11th International Symposium on Corrosion in the Pulp and Paper Industry, Charleston, SC, United States, June 6-10 and June 7-11, 2004 (2004), 775-789.



24. Iisa, Kristiina; Mahvelat, Atlasi Daneshvar. Model for black liquor devolatilization kinetics . International Chemical Recovery Conference; 11th International Symposium on Corrosion in the Pulp and Paper Industry, Charleston, SC, United States, June 6-10 and June 7-11, 2004 (2004), 611-615.



25. Agrawal, Pradeep K.; Iisa, Kristiina; Amlani, Anil; Sinquefield, Scott. Catalytic reforming of tars formed during black liquor/biomass gasification. TAPPI Paper Summit --Spring Technical and International Environmental Conference, Atlanta , GA , United States , May 3-5, 2004 , 591-599



26. Baxter, Larry L.; van Heiningen, Adriaan; Wessel, Richard A.; Whitty, Kevin; Detering, Brent; Iisa, Kristiina. Improved recovery boiler performance through control of combustion, sulfur and alkali chemistry. TAPPI Paper Summit--Spring Technical and International Environmental Conference, Atlanta, GA, United States, May 3-5, 2004 (2004), 232-260.



27. Tran, K.-Q., Iisa, M. K., Steenari, B.-M., Lindqvist, O., Hagström, M., Pettersson, J. B. C., Capture of Alkali Metals by Kaolin, 17 Th International Conference on Fluidized bed Combustion, Proceedings, May 16-21, 2003, Jacksonville, Florida, pp. 403-409.



28. Sinquefield, S., Sricharoenchaikul, V., Iisa, K., Frederick, J., Dayton, D. C., Carpenter, D., French, R., Ratcliff, M., Lewnard, J., " Black Liquor Gasification: The Impact of Gasifier Pressure and Temperature on C-H-O-S Gas Speciation and Tar Components", TAPPI Engineering/Finishing & Converting Conference & Trade Fair, San Antonio, TX, United States, Sept. 16-20, 2001, 1-10.



29. Iisa, K., Horenziak, S. A., Jing, Q., " Evolution of Gas Phase Sulfur during Gasification of Black Liquor", 2001 International Chemical Recovery Conference, Proceedings, 289-295.



30. Jing, Q., Iisa, K., " Black Liquor Devolatilization Kinetics", 2001 International Chemical Recovery Conference, Proceedings, 221-229.



31. Sricharoenchaikul, V., Agrawal, P., Iisa, K., Frederick, J., " Characterization and Destruction of Tars Produced during Low Temperature Black Liquor Gasification", 2001 International Chemical Recovery Conference, Proceedings, 397-402.



32. Tran, H., Tavares, A., Frederick, Jr., Wm. J., Iisa, K., "Relationship between SO 2 Emissions and Precipitator Dust Composition in Recovery Boilers", Tappi 2000 Engineering Conference, Atlanta , GA , September 17-21, 2000.



33. Frederick, Wm. J., Iisa, K., "The Impact of Reducing Particulate Emissions on Metals Emissions from Recovery Boilers and Lime Kilns", TAPPI 1999 International Environmental Conference, Proceedings , Nashville , TN , April 18-21, 465 -477.



34. Iisa, K., Jing, Q., Conn, J., Rompho, N., Tangpanyapinit, V., Pianpucktr, R., "Model for NO Formation in Recovery Boilers", 1998 International Chemical Recovery Conference, Proceedings , Tampa, Florida, June 1-4, 1998, 763-777.



35. Grace, T. M., Frederick, W. J., Iisa, K., Wag, K., "New Black Liquor Drop Burning Model", 1998 International Chemical Recovery Conference, Proceedings , Tampa, Florida, June 1-4, 1998, 257-270.



36. Larson, E. D., Kreutz, T. G., McDonald, G. W., Yang, W., Frederick, W. J., Iisa, K., Malcolm, E. W., Brown, C. A., "A Cost-Benefit Assessment of Black Liquor Gasifier/Combined Cycle Technology Integrated into a Kraft Pulp Mill", 1998 International Chemical Recovery Conference, Proceedings , Tampa, Florida, June 1-4, 1998, 4-18.



37. Frederick, Wm. James, Jr.; Iisa, Kristiina. Black liquor gasification: is it for sulfite and NSSC pulp mills too? TAPPI 1999 Pulping Conference , Orlando, Fla., Oct. 31-Nov. 4, 1999 (1999), 1 269-277.



38. Frederick, Wm. J., Iisa, K., Sinquefield, S. A., Malcolm, E. W., How Will Integrated gasifcation-combined cycle rtecovery technology impact kraft pulping and chemical recovery, TAPPI 1998 International Engineering Conference, Proceedings , Miami, Fl., v1, 7.



39. Frederick , W.J.; Reis, V.V.; Wag, K.J.; Iisa, K.; "Laboratory Study Of Alkali Metal Salt Aerosol Formation In Black Liquor Combustion", Journal of Aerosol Science Proceedings of the 1995 European Aerosol Conference Sep 18-22 1995 26 Suppl. 1, p. S693.



40. Iisa, K., Carangal, A., Scott, A., Pianpucktr, R., Tangpanyapinit, V., "Nitrogen Oxide Formation and Destruction in Recovery Boilers," 1995 International Chemical Recovery Conference, Proceedings , Toronto , Canada , April 26-27, 1995 , B241-250.



41. Lu, Y., Iisa, K., Fundamental Studies of Lead Devolatilization Behavior by Using a Laminar Entrained-Flow Reactor, 1995 International Incineration Conference, Proceeding, May 8-12, 1995 , 553-560.



42. Yrjas, P.K., Iisa, K. and Hupa, M., " Sulphur Absorption Capacity of Different Limestones and Dolomites under Pressurized Combustion Conditions", 12th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion , ASME Book No I0344A, 1993, 265-271.



43. Kauppinen, E. I., Mikkanen, P., Jokiniemi, J. K., Iisa, K., Boonsongsup, L., Sinquefield, S. A., Frederick, W. J., "Fume Particle Characteristics and Their Reactions with SO2 at Kraft Recovery Boiler Conditions", TAPPI 1993 Engineering Conference, Preprints , September 1993 Orlando, FL.



44. Yrjas, P., Iisa, K., and Hupa, M., "H 2 S Absorption by Limestone and Dolomite under Pressure", Swedish-Finnish Flame Days, Preprints , September 1993, Gothenburg , Sweden.



45. Iisa, K., Tullin, C., and Hupa, M., "Simultaneous Sulfation and Recarbonation of Calcined Limestone under PFBC Conditions", 11th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion , ASME Book No. I0312A-1991, 1991, 83-90.



46. Iisa, K., Salokoski, P., and Hupa, M., "Heterogeneous Formation and Destruction of Nitrous Oxide in Conditions of Fluidized Bed Combustion", 11th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion , ASME Book No. I0312B-1991, 1991, 1027-1033.



47. Iisa, K. and Hupa, M., "Desulphurisation by CaCO 3 in Pressurized Conditions", 2nd Nordic Conference on Sulphur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxide Limitation at Solid Fuel Combustion, Preprints , Copenhagen , Denmark , November 12-13, 1990.



48. Iisa, K., Murto, T., and Hupa, M., "Catalytic Reduction of NO in Fluidized Bed Conditions", Joint Meeting of the British and French Section of the Combustion Institute, Preprints , Rouen, France, April 18-21, 1989, p. 45-48.