High Performance Black Liquor Evaporators

Evaporation of spent pulping liquors is typically the first or second highest consumer of steam in pulp and paper mills. Thermal efficiency, processing capacity, and maximum total dry solids contents attainable in evaporators and concentrators are often limited by soluble scale fouling. The objective of this work is to develop the tools needed to study the transient effects of evaporator operation on soluble scaling. Combined with our advanced knowledge of steady-state crystallization, this will improve our ability to solve evaporator fouling problems